Not long after the discovery of the Halilud (Jiroft) civilization, much research has been done on this civilization and the study of the structure of motifs on recent works. Given the lack of written information and sufficient historical evidence from this civilization and its place in the history of ancient Iranian art, articles on the subject can be a good source of inspiration and inspiration., Our knowledge, technical know-how, and so on. The motifs used on the works are an important part of ancient Iranian art. The motifs of pottery, and many of which are decorated with very beautiful themes, have always been at odds with the worldview, symbolic concepts, and cultural connections of societies in times past. The purpose of this research is to study the visual structure of decorative motifs (technical knowledge of aesthetics) on the found works of Jiroft civilization and to question their aesthetic quality. As well as studying the visual structure of the motifs used on the works, we can reveal the visual sensibilities of the creators of these works on the beautiful, the principled and precise application of aesthetic elements (technical knowledge) such as rhythm, symmetry, balance, proportion, concentration, balance and so on. The stone artifacts of Jiroft civilization are widespread and it is important to note that the people of this civilization, in addition to the functional aspects of everyday life, use various motifs (geometric, human, plant, animal, thematic and symbolic) on these works. They have tried to satisfy their aesthetic needs. The method of data collection in this article is library studies and field research through objective observation and research method is descriptive and analytical. It seems that the origin of the visual elements, abstract ideas, and realistic images is derived from the surrounding nature and mythological rituals of the field, along with the sensitive and aesthetic mind of the artists emanating from their culture. Engraving on these containers has been a means of conveying the message in pre-historic times and has been used by artists as the most appropriate canvas for displaying the message and human knowledge. The questions of this study are: 1. What are the elements and qualities of the technical (visual knowledge) used in the design and composition of the decoration of the containers and what are the visual communication techniques associated with the Harylrud stone containers? What is the semantic relationship between the form and content of the motifs in these works? Objectives: 1) To study the visual and visual structure of the motifs in the works of this civilization 2) To analyze the relationship between form and content used in the works of this civilization

Background: In embryological culture dishes, there is a temperature decline when they are removed outside incubators. This study aimed at investigating the effects of this temperature decline within a certain time frame, the type of culture dish with or without the use of laminar air flow and whether it is possible to achieve a sufficient thermal control with the use of a heating stage. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the temperatures of four different types of polystyrene dishes [50 mm intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 35 mm, 60 mm, 90 mm], filled with culture medium and oil were recorded for a period of 10 minutes outside the incubator. Temperature was measured with an infrared thermographic camera. The reference temperature was 37° C. Four parameters were analyzed: the type of dishes, air flow, a heating stage at 37° C and 38. 5° C. Results: There was a time-dependant significant temperature decline outside the incubator in all types of dishes and under all experimental conditions. Under air flow temperature decline increased compared to the no air flow condition. The use of a heating stage at either 37° C or 38. 5° C slightly improved the situation in most cases. After three minutes out of the incubator without a heating stage and air flow, the temperature was <34° C; with air flow and without a heating stage the temperature was <33° C. When a heating stage was used, the temperature was <36° C, except when using ICSI dishes. When ICSI dishes were on a heating stage they maintained a temperature close to 37° C with or without air flow. In all experimental conditions the highest decline was recorded with the 90 mm dishes. Conclusion: Time is crucial for managing the temperature decline in culture dishes when out of the incubator. Under air laminar flow, the heat loss is greater, when with a heating stage at 37° C or better at 38. 5° C this loss decreases but still exists. ICSI flat bottom dishes give the best results when heated stages are used. Flat bottom dishes maintain the temperature rather efficiently. Based on our findings, the use of flat bottom dishes should become a universal practice in in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Background: Recently, the concentration of radioactivity in the ceramic cooking dishes is found to exceed the reference level values. Therefore, there is a need to measure the radon concentration in ceramic cooking dishes, especially radon gas inhalation which is considered to be the second largest cause of lung cancer. Materials and Methods: In this work, a collection of 19 different kinds of ceramic cooking dishes is measured using CR-39 SSNTD (Solid State Nuclear Track Detector). Results: The obtained results showed that the highest value of radon concentration is found to be 23. 07 ±,1. 44 Bq/m3, 148. 41±,5. 99 Bq/m3 and 783. 03±,35. 96 Bq/m3for high quality, low quality and handmade ceramic cooking dishes, respectively. Indicating that the radon concentration for 18. 19% of handmade ceramic cooking dishes is exceeded the internationally accepted levels 600 Bq/m3. Conclusions: All values of radon concentration for handmade ceramic cooking dishes are found to be higher than the measured values for high quality and low-quality manufactured ceramic cooking dishes. In addition, the mean values of annual effective doses of handmade ceramic cooking dishes are found to be varied from 2. 20 to 22. 47mSv/y, exceeding the internationally accepted action level from ICRP 2007 agency (1). Hence, this study recommends that care must be taken when using the handmade ceramic cooking dishes.

Introduction: Embryoid bodies (EBs) are primitive embryonic structures derived from differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Many techniques have been used to obtain EBs, the improvement of the technique of EBs formation can help in achieving better results in ESCs differentiation into neurons, myocardiocytes, hemopoietic cells and others. In this investigation Sigmacote was used as a hydrophobic substrate to improve EBs formation.Material and Methods: Petri dishes` floor was been siliconized by a three-step procedure and with sigmacote. Then CCE and p19 cell line were used to obtain EBs in these siliconized petri dishes. These cells were transmitted to petri dishes, the concentration of them was 1´105 cells/ml, after 48 hours embryoid bodies were counted. Control group was bacteriologic petri dishes with same conditions. Results: The results of EBs calculation showed that siliconized petri dishes in comparison with bacteriological petri dishes can be produced EBs with high efficiency and statistically it was significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: Results of this research indicated that sigmacote as a hydrophobic substrate can improve EBs formation by an easy and reproducible method. Therefore it is suggested to increase EBs formation and differentiation of ESCs.

Million tons of waste are produced annually in mining and processing of dimension stone in Iran. In most cases, the waste is released in nature that would cause environmental hazards. In this work, artificial stone slabs were manufactured by combination of coarse waste and sludge powder of stone cutting factories. The results show that the manufactured stone slabs have physical and mechanical specifications according to Iranian national standards for building stone. With increasing the amount of resin in the composition, the flexural and tensile strength were increased and the compressive strength and water absorption coefficient were decreased. The slabs produced from granite waste compare to the slabs produced from marble waste had better physical and mechanical specifications. At the optimum condition, with the aim of using more waste, with a composition of 90% marble waste and 10% resin, artificial stone slabs were produced which have compressive strength about 143 MPa, flexural strength of 21 MPa, tensile strength of 25 MPa, water absorption coefficient 1% and density equal to 2. 32 g/cm3.

Functional disorder in different tissues is a consequence of cell damage in a part of a tissue that can occur because of diseases, traumas, or accidents. Organ transplantation has so far been the only treatment approach for these damages; however, transplantation therapies have been greatly limited by the serious shortage of donors or immune rejection. One of the alternative approaches is tissue engineering that recently has attracted the tremendous attentions of many researchers. Cell sheet engineering is a technology that can construct bioengineered sheet-like tissues without the need of using scaffolds and it is called “ scaffold-free tissue engineering” . Cells are cultured at 370C on the surfaces grafted with the temperature responsive polymer “ poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)” . Then, the cell sheet is harvested with a simple reducedtemperature treatment up to 200C and transplanted directly onto the injured surface without sutures or glues. In the present article, researches and experiments in the field of cell sheet engineering have been paid attention. Moreover, the advantages and challenges of this method have been discussed. . .

Manufacturing metal and earthenware objects, is important for human being since the prior ages of history up to now. Because these type of art are epitomize of Believes, Myths and is the reflection of ideology of civilization circles and arena of meaning and immortal glory of human cultures. These work’s motifs are explanatory of physical and spiritual heritages which these arts have been grown in that area and settlement. In the other words, in manufacture, polish and decoration of these dishes, we can recognize economic improvements, historical challenges and social condition behind of artistic effects of them. We can see salient maturation in various types of arts, especially in make and polish golden and silver dishes, which are infusing of ulterior cultural and artistic ages and also Islamic ages. Reason of these purports transfer, from Sassanian art to Islamic art, is the presence of Sassanian non-Muslim artists and Samanian new- Muslims in Nishapur. In Islamic prior centuries, because of embargo of golden and silver dishes, pottery art became more important and value and artists, renewed the valuable motifs of metal dishes of Sassanian age by preservation of scholar values on porcelains of Samanian age, in the full beauty and nicety. The hypothesis that we are testing that, in analytical essay, is compliable in a manner that motifs, formed on potteries of this age, is continuity of the same figures on golden and silver dishes of Sassanian age in Islamic age which this time is in divine and spiritual space with religious thought and consideration to Iranian civil qualities and natural cultures, eager to freedom of hegemony of Arabian regimen on renewed Iranian- Islamic art arena. Of course, creativity, the spirit of innovation and construction in art of this age cannot be decreased as an imitation and mere adoption of the past generations heritages. Although Samanian age is the newborn thought age, civil creation and Iranian art’s glory, which is formed by motive of Islamic gratefulness, benevolence and aesthetics, Iranian Renaissance in the Islam frog. Method of concepts adjustment is analytical- historical and descriptive and the method of subject collection and applied data in the essay is librarian.